Pokazywanie postów oznaczonych etykietą astrophotography. Pokaż wszystkie posty
Pokazywanie postów oznaczonych etykietą astrophotography. Pokaż wszystkie posty

niedziela, 14 listopada 2021

Pleiades with Astrotracer

The image of Pleiades Open Cluster (Messier 45) is a stack of 32 frames taken with Pentax K-1, Pentax SMC F* 300mm lens and Astrotracer.

Actually it is quite difficult to calibrate Astrotracer with 300mm lens. Only after several tries I was able to get 30 sec exposures. The stars are not round, but it is an effect of few worse frames which I did not exclude from stack. I think it is not bad, taking into account it was done without equatorial motorized mount, just regular tripod.



środa, 22 lipca 2020

Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)

Image was taken with Pentax K-1 and vintage lens in Wisła, Poland on 23.07.2020.
The comet is barely visible with naked eye and is quite low over horizon.

Some technicalities

To achieve 1 minute exposure I used the Astrotracer - an exclusive Pentax feature.
The lens was AUTO CHINON 1:2.8 f=135mm with M42 mount. It is pretty sharp but has terrible purple fringing visible on bright stars. The lens is also vingetting a lot on full frame.

piątek, 8 listopada 2019

Piece of Orion

Here is a photo taken with Pentax K-1 and SMC Pentax-F 1:4.5 300m * lens.
It is stacked from 28 300s exposures at ISO 100. Of course the session was driven by AstroBox M4 :-) I was stacking the photos using SIRIL and then made some adjustments in Darktable. The biggest and still not solved problem is how to get rid of this huge gradient...


poniedziałek, 4 listopada 2019

Half a year with NanoPI M4

After some time of using the AstroBox M4 - FriendlyElec NanoPi M4 - it is time for a little summary...

So far my the experience with the board has been great!

The AstroBox works well - finally this is a board which delivers enough power to drive what is needed. Quite a lot of stuff actually:
  • INDI + Kstars with Ekos (compiled from source)
  • Lin_guider (compiled from source)
  • Celestron Nexstar mount
  • Various scripts (bash, python)
  • Relays controlled by GPIO
  • Heater controlled by onboard PWM
  • Canon cameras via gphoto2
  • Pentax DSLRs via pktriggercord
  • QHY5 guiding camera used directly by Lin_guider, but also via INDI...
  • DreamFocuser via INDI
  • Astrometry.net installed locally
  • TurboVNC - by far the best VNC server! (compiled from source)
All the above runs in Armbian (Debian) and the entire Debian repository is available. I've choosen to compile INDI, Kstars and other software to have the latest versions. In some casese (e.g. TurboVNC) the software is not in the repositories.

Ekos functionality
I wanted to use more of Ekos and less of various scripts. Basically it is just working, however I did not ditch my scripts completely.
  • Autofocus = DreamFocuser + Canon 400d =
    • PROS: works and does the job automatically (stops guiding, finds the star, iterates to reach the best focus)
    • CONS: I can achieve better focus using Bahtivov mask; sometimes it thinks a noise is a star and focus goes completely off (can't be left unattended)
  • Platesolve to synchronize and to slew to your target = Nexstar + Canon 400d =
    • PROS: works and achieves very good precision; just give it target name or even FITS file with your earlier photo; works offilne
    • CONS: sometimes it does not work with FITS (some my files probably miss important data); with my mount it can try ten times until it achieves the target with good enough precision
  • Autoguiding = QHY5 + Nexstar =
    • PROS: all in one program and well integrated with other functions; can use external guider (Lin_guider or PHD2) and still integrate
    • CONS: has tendency to loose the guiding star; external guiders allow more control over guiding parameters
  • Driving the entire session - scheduler
    • PROS: could potentially automate entire sesion
    • CONS: needs a quality mount, quality cameras and telesope to work reliably; in my experience it is quite picky (e.g. autofocus failed -> entire session fails or autoguiding lost the star -> entire session fails etc.); still better to run individual tasks manually...
To summarize
The NanoPi M4 was one of the first SBCs withe enough horsepower to drive astrophoto sessions. IMHO it is currently the best! Only few months ago the RPi4 became available and now the solutions like Stellarmate for RPi4 start to appear. But NanoPi is still better: there is a lot of development around mainlinig the Rockchip boards. As a result NanoPi M4 currently can work with pure, open source Linux! No vendor lock-in. Runs 64bit (ARM64 aarch64) Linux - with the necessary software installed directly from repositories (few exceptions can be compiled - easy). I can use all 7 USB ports (4 are USB3). The onboard wifi and bluetooth work as well, without any special drivers. Performance wise it is equal or better than RPi4.

I bougth another such board, this time with 4GB memory. I will use it as tablet (with a touchscreen). I already installed Arch Linux on it and experiment with Panfrost drivers (open source 3d for ARM Mali)...

Next post: some pictures I made during this half year... Stay tuned ;-)



czwartek, 4 kwietnia 2019

AstroBox M4 inside

Here are ugly internals:

  • one relay module with four relay ports, used to gate power outlets for DLSRs and multipurpose 12V; one relay is used to control the shutter release of DSLR (NanoPi has only one serial port, used for telescope so I had to control shutter with GPIO&relay)
  • two DC/DC voltage convertors, one from 12 to 5V for powering NanoPi M4 board, one from 12 to 7.4V for powering DSLR cameras
  • one PWM module which takes as input the hardware PWM from NanoPI and 12V DC, output is modulated 12V, used to power dew heater
  • one module to convert serial TTL levels to RS232, to control the telescope mount

środa, 3 kwietnia 2019

AstroBox M4

A new toy: NanoPi M4,
brand new development board, similar to RPi but better(!) in quite a few areas. It has 2GB RAM, speed Rockchip Rk3399 processor and a lot of other goodies (WiFi, 1G ethernet, 4 USB3.0 and 3 USB2.0 ports, etc).

I decided to make a new AstroBox with it because the former built on OrangePi had not enough processor power and too little RAM. Now it is ready and runing great.
It is self contained with INDI, Kstars and Ekos. You have to connect to it to initiate the session, but while it is running (making photos, guiding, focusing), you can disconnect and it does not disrupt the session.

It provides the following conectivity to telescope and other astro devices:

  • 2 x 7.4V switchable power outlets for DSLR cameras
  • 1 x shutter release mini jack for Canon or Pentax DSLRs
  • 1 x RS232 with RJ11 socket (for simple 1 to 1 connection to Celestron mount)
  • 1 x 12V PWM for heater
  • 2 x 12V switchable power outlets for other devices
  • 4 x USB 3.0
  • 2 x USB 2.0
  • 1 x USB3 socket (but USB 2.0 speed only)
  • 1 x 1G ethernet
  • HDMI (not used)
  • headphones (not used)
From the PC side, one can connect to it using VNC or RDP.

Basically it covers all the AstroBox v1 did, but just better...





piątek, 27 lipca 2018

AstroBox v2 in action - lunar eclipse!

Not too many posts recently. But here is a fresh photo taken with scope + Pentax K-5 II. All driven by AstroBox v2 :)
Photo tethering of Pentax using pktriggercord program.


poniedziałek, 2 kwietnia 2018

AstroBox v2 cont.

Easter = hobby time ;)

Some progress is done with the AstroBox v2:
  • the box is printed
  • components are collected
Next step is soldering!

Below are all major components, the only missing is a 4-ports relay box, which is currently installed in AstroBox v1...

niedziela, 18 marca 2018

AstroBox v2

AstroBox v2

An improved AstroBox is in preparation. I'm using the Orange Pi PC2 development board instead of OrangePi PC. It has four cores and Allwinner H5 64bit processor, running on Armbian Linux distribution.

The v2 has all the capabilities of AstroBox v1, with the following improvements:

  • Orange Pi PC2 has 1GB ethernet and faster processor. 
  • Added shutter interface and power connector for second DSLR. So it is possible to have one DSLR connected to main scope (e.g. SCT 8), and second DSLR piggybacked, with tele lens.
  • Added PWM with 12V to connect heater tape.
  • All four USB 2.0 ports, which are exposed by Orange Pi, are now available. In my case connected will be:
    • DSLR 1 - Canon 400D, on SCT8
    • DSLR 2 - Pentax K5II with 300mm tele on piggy back
    • QHY5 camera - as OAG (Off Axis Guider)
    • DreamFocuser
Here is a screenshot of the case ready for printing on Ultimaker 2 3d printer:


BTW. INDI driver for DreamFocuser is here.

sobota, 6 stycznia 2018

AstroBox

A little hardware project in the astro-photo domain.

AstroBox v1 :-) contains:

  • Orange Pi PC small and not expensive development board, running:
    • Armbian - operating system for many development boards except RPi, based on Debian
    • INDI - with Celestron Nexstar mount and DreamFocuser drivers. More drivers availabe: QHY, Gphoto2 etc. but not used currently
    • lin_guider - nicely connects with QHY5 and provide guiding with OAG
    • KStars - sky map, mount controll, INDI control panel and Ekos
    • Xpra - which gives X screen for KStars and lin_guider and can be connected remotely in "seamless" mode (each app separately, not the entire desktop)
    • Couple of other small apps and scripts to capture photos with gphoto2, easily steer the mount, preview the photos or enable/disable devices. It can also run Ekos, but I did not master it yet...
  • Relay board with 4 relays. This is used to enable/disable power outlets, 3 with 12V (mount, focuser, heater) and one with 9V (for the Canon DSLR)
  • Two voltage converters to convert input 12V to 5V (for Orange Pi PC) and 9V (for Canon DSLR)
  • Two logic converters from 3V TTL to RS232 standard for the mount serial connection.
  • Shutter release connector for DSLRs, controlled by GPIO port of Orange Pi 
  • The box, which is 3d printed and designed to fit in the place for batteries in the mount. The original battery holder is removed and cables which were connected to batteries are now used to connect power directly from the AstroBox (so there is no loose power cable to the mount hanging around)

How it works:

  • Connection is with ethernet cable, no Wifi yet but it can be added via USB dongle
  • External power supply must provide 12V and enough power for all connected devices

Future possibilities:

  • Would be nice to connect the heater using PWM which is available on the Orange Pi
  • Ideally replace a bulky DreamFocuser box&cables and steer a focuser stepper directly (already bought RAMS 44988 module)
  • attach BT gamepad to control the mount and focuser
  • Add second shutter release connector, so two

sobota, 21 lipca 2012

Astrophotography in Linux with gphoto2

Astro-photography with Linux

Script for making series of photos using Canon Rebel 350D connected to PC using USB cable and an additional cable to trigger BULB exposures.This script is especially useful for astrophotography.

Installation

Just place the script in the directory which is in the PATH, for instance: /usr/local/bin. Make it executable:
> sudo chmod a +rx /usr/local/bin/foto

Two additional programs are required: gphoto2 and geeqie. In Debian use the following command to install them:
> apt-get install gphoto2 geeqie
To configure the script review and modify variables in the SETTINGS section at the beginning of the script, especially BASE and SPORT, to match your setup.

Usage

Start the script:
> foto
It will ask for the parameters. Optionally you can specify the parameters directly:
> foto name=m27 frames=20 exptime=60
This will make 20 60 seconds exposures, with common name m27.


#!/bin/bash

# Written by Piotr Dlugosz
# License GPL

#set -x # uncomment to debug

# ***** SETTINGS *****

# Base directory for the photos
BASE=/home/share/ASTRO

# Serial port for BULB cable
SPORT=/dev/ttyUSB0

# Gphoto2 settings
OG="--quiet --port usb: --set-config shutterspeed=Bulb --set-config imageformat=RAW --set-config focusmode=3"

# Photo parameters (these params can be given on the command line)
OP="name=test frames=1 exptime=10 iso=400"

# ***** END SETTINGS *****

# ***** HOOK PART *****

if [ "$ACTION" = "download" ]; then
echo "DOWNLOAD"
geeqie -t -r "$ARGUMENT" #>/dev/null 2>&1
fi
[ "$ACTION" ] && exit 0

# ***** END HOOK *****


# ***** START *****

echo "*** FOTO AUTOMAT ***"

[ -d "$BASE" ] || { echo "$BASE does not exist!"; exit 1; }

# Ask for parameters and set the script variables
eval $OP # set the defaults first
if [ "$1" ]; then
eval $@ # if command line is not empty take params from command line
else
read -ei "$OP" -p "Enter the photo parameters: " ANSWER # otherwise ask
eval $ANSWER
fi

# Prepare environment
ABSPATH=`cd ${0%/*} && echo $PWD/${0##*/}`
DATE=`date -d "-6 hours" +"%y%m%d"`
NAME="${name}_${DATE}_$$"
FOLDER="$BASE/$name/$DATE"
[ -d "$FOLDER" ] || mkdir -p "$FOLDER"
cd "$FOLDER" || { echo "$FOLDER does not exits!"; exit 1; }

echo "** Folder: $FOLDER, session number: $$"
echo "** Params: exptime=$exptime frames=$frames iso=$iso"

((count=frames-1))
export count

# Start gphoto in tethered mode and set the parameters
gphoto2 $OG --set-config iso=$iso --filename "${NAME}-%03n.cr2" --hook-script "$ABSPATH" --wait-event-and-download >~/gphoto.log 2>&1 &

# Loop to make photos
for a in `seq 0 $count`; do
echo -n "* Frame: $a/$count "
sleep $exptime >$SPORT
echo "finished."
sleep 0.5
done

# Wait till the last photo is saved before exiting
LASTPHOTO="${NAME}-`printf '%03d' $count`.cr2"
while [ ! -s "$LASTPHOTO" ]; do
sleep 1
done

echo "Killing gphoto"
pkill gphoto2